During the Tang dynasty the Chinese envoy Wang Xuance led an army of Nepalese and Tibetans to defeat an usurper in the Indian Kingdom of Magadha. Nepal’s historical relations with China (and Tibet) have been shaped by conflicts over territory and the control of Tibet. After the Sino-Nepalese War (1789-1792), Nepal was forced to sign a treaty stipulating the payment of tribute to China after the latter defeated Nepalese forces in Tibet.
China refused Nepal’s request for assistance during Anglo-Nepalese War (1814–16), and the latter’s defeat led to the establishment of the British Empire in India, the dominant power in the region. Nepal continued to try to balance the influence of China and British India.
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